Stone spreading machine



Dec. 29, 1936.` J, N HELTZEL 2,065,698

' STONE SPREADING MACHINE Filed Jan. '7, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 MFV Dc.29, 1936.. J, N, HELTZEL STONE SPREADING MACHINE Filed Jan. 7, 1952 5Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 29, 1936. .1'. N. HELTzEl.

STONE SPREADING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheetv 5 Filed Jam7 7, 1932 WAW Dec.29, J, Nl HELTZEL STONE SPREADING MACHINE Filed Jan. 7, 1932 5Sheets-Sheet 4 HELTZEL STONE SPREADING MACHINE Dec. 29, 1936.

, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan Patented Dec. 29, 1936 UNITED STATESPATENTA- oFl-lcE` 15 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in stone spreadingmachine, and has for an object to provide an improved machine for use inthe spreading of stoneor macadam roads or for the base courses of roads.

The machine will find a wide use in connection with the retreading ofold macadam roads where it is required to spread stone coated with taror asphalt; and such machine is also so designed that it may be used forthe building of sand asphalt rcads or for thespreading and leveling ofmaterials which are mixed in place. Y

The invention further aims to provide van improved machine for levelingthe berme or dirt shoulder at the sides of the road.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be morefully `described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed outin the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or correspondingparts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a perspective view of an improved stone spreading machineconstructed in accordance with the present invention and shown inaposition of use. A

Figure 2 is a similar view, withv parts broken away and taken on anenlarged scale.

Figure 3 is also a fragmentary perspective view with parts omitted tomore clearly show the reciprocating devices.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the forward portionof the machine.

' shown in section and parts broken away of the motor and drivingdevices, and f Figure 7 is a perspective view showing a modied form ofapparatus.

Referring more particularly to the. drawings in Figure 1, I designatesthe subgrade or the base of a road, and Il represents crushed stone,slag or other desired material which is to be spread .upon the subgradeI0 by the machine. Such material may be either plain or saturated withtar or rasphalt material; and it will preferably be delivered upon thesubgrade in a windrow substantially centrally of the road. Ifpreferredsuch material may be roughly spread over the subgrade when it is rstdeposited.

Y The improved machine is supported on side runners or skids I2. whichsupport a desired number of transverse members I3 and I4 by which therunners are tied together to constitute a machine frame 'for carryingthe various machinery required.A n .y

The machine is pulled forward by the use of cables l wound about drumsI6 carried on the machine andmounted upon the transverse fol- 5 lowershaft I1 which is mounted in appropriate bearings carried upon the shortlongitudinal beams I8. f g

The forward ends of the cables l5 are secured to the anchors I9 whichanchors are fastenedby the stakes to the subgrade l0 in advance of themachine. K

The machine carries its own -power plant or motor 2l mounted at aconvenient position upon the machine frame and having appropriateconnections for driving the various mechanical agencies hereinafterreferred to as well as the shaft Il andthe drums I6.` By rotating theshaft I1 and the drums I6, the cables l5 will be wound upon the drumsthus pulling the machine for- 20 ward. At the same time the various.leveling members are reciprocated laterally in order to accomplish theeven and uniform distribution of the stone throughout the area of theroadway.

At the front ofthe machine is carried a rudder or deecting member 22supported and rotatably mounted about lthe pivot 23 on the up-` per endof which is fixed a collar 24 for supporting the pivot and the member 22upon the bearing sleeve 25, which bearing sleeve is bolted or otherwiseaflixed to a front plate 26 fixed upon the machine frame, as upon theforward part of a platform 21 carried upon the' convergent angle iron orbraces 28 forming part of the frame.

'Ihe cap collar 24 is provided with an arm 29 to which is pivoted a link30 engaging a hand lever A3| pivoted, as indicated at 32 upon the frontplate 26, as shown in Figure 4.

A removable pin 33 upon the lever 3l is insertible in a selectedperforationv 34 of an arcuate series of perforations made in the frontplate 26, whereby the lever 3| may be held in the desired angularadjusted position. By moving this lever 3| backV and forth about itspivot 32, through the link 30 and arm 29 a rotary movement will beimparted to the pin 23 and the rudder. or deiiecting member 22 causingthe same. to assume a desired angular or straight position with`respectto the forward movement of the machine, thus defiecting the stonematerial from the windrow to one side or the other. The pin 33 will lockthe lever and the rudder in the adjusted position, whereby there will bean equal distribution of the material on the roadway.

The rudder `or deecting member 22 is also ca- `pable of a lateralmovement by manipulating the hand wheel 35 which hand wheel, as shown inlFigure 4, is mounted upon a transverse shaft 35 ward part of theplatform 21, as indicated at 42 in Figure 4.

In rear of the defiecting member 22 are a pair of curved blades 43converging forwardly and meeting in a central ridge 44. These curvedblades are connected together and also lto a laterally reciprocatingleveling or screed member 45 This which projects through the siderunners. leveling unit, consisting of the two blades 43 and screedmember 4,5 is adjusted up and down-by means of a central screw threadedadjusting device 45 and side adjusting devices 41 in order toaccommodate the device to various thicknesses in the spreading of thestone `asmight be re-y quired.

As shown in Figure 5 thev central hand wheel or adjusting device 45 ismounted uponra screw threaded shaft 45 movable up and down by rotationin the supporting nuts 49 carried upon one of the beams I5 of theframework. At its lower end the screw adjusting shaft 45 carries auniversal joint 5I)v connected by a link 5I Lto a brace 52 secured tothe blade 45. The universal joint will permitof `the lateralreciprocation of the unit while' acting to suspend'same and effectvertical adjustment. y

TheA machine is also provided -with material conveyors 551 which aretrailed-on the inside -of the machine by the chains 54. l 'Iheseconveyors hold excess stone material, which accumulates forwardly of thespreader 43. Such surplus material will be trailed or moved along orconveyed by the conveyors 53 to be discharged therefrom at points alongthe roadway where there. is in- Y sufficient material caused by theunequal depositing of the stone or the material on the subgrade.

The screed or surfacer 45 is reciprocated laterally by the eccentric 54,which is on the shaft 55 driven from the motor or power planty 2| byappropriate gearing.

'I'he eccentric 54 is connected toa rod 55 as shown in Figure 3 whichrod is coupled to the depending arm 51'on a shaft 55. `To the arm 51 isalso coupled-'a rod 55 extending over and pivoted to the spreader orscreed member 45.

The machine is also provided with a laterally reciprocating member 55crowned to conform to the top surface of the iinished'stone surface,

which member may consist of a heavy beam roughened more or less at itsforward surface. so as to engage the particles of stone and agitate thestone and manipulate the various particles of material in such a wayasto key the stone in position. While this member will serve as asurfacer, it will also locate or key the stone in-posi` tion so that thevarious particles `of vstone are overlapping, causing the stone to beyplacedr in the keyed position, producing a cross section which will beasfree from voids as possible, and

' securing a homogeneous structure, which, when finally rolled andcompacted, will be free from pockets or depressions as has been the casewhen the stone material has been loosely laid.

'I'he member 55 projects through the side members of the machine inwhich are inserted vertically movable plates or slides 5I movable up anddown by thehand wheels 52 through the action of the screw adjustingshafts 53. The keying member projects through an opening in the plate 5Iwhereby the keying member 50 may reciprocate and at the same time becapable of vertical adjustment. The keying member 50 is reciproc'ated as'shown in `Figure 3 by the eccentric 54 through the rods 55 and 55 andthe arm 51.

The keying member 5I) can'ies one or more grader blades 55 lying outsideof the runners of the machine for the purpose of planing down the dirtshoulder on the outside of the runner. 'Ihe dirt shoulder after beingcut down is indicated in Figure 1 at 59.

In order'to deflect any surplus stone which might accumulate on theinside of the runners, I have provided the adjustable wings or plates 15pivoted to the runners or to other appropriate parts as for instanceupon the screwA adjusting shafts 1I and areadjusted up and down from thehand wheels 12. The free ends of these wings or plates are held in placeby chains 13 attached to appropriate parts of the framework.

Additional wings or plates 14 are provided extending outwardly of therunners and mounted upon the screw adjusting shafts 15 by which the samemay be raised or lowered. These wings or plates 14 act as additionalshoulder scraping devices or they are employed for shoulder building orfor leveling. The chains 15 hold the blades 14 to various angularpositions. When it is required to move dirt away from the runners, themembers 14 will be allowed to swing back in an angular retreatingposition with respect to the runnersdeecting the material away from therunners. When such blades 14 are pulled forwardly by shortening thechains 15, so that such blades assume avforward angular position, thematerial will be directed toward the runners.

The runners are provided with bas portions I2a which are cut away at thepoints indicated at I2b. 'I'his removal will minimize the agitation ofthe dirt shoulder after it has been thrown against the outside of therunner attended by a reduction in the cleft 11 between the dirt shoulderand the stone to a minimum width, whereby there will-be very little orno slumping of the material into the cleft.

To manipulate the machine on curves, provision is made for warping ordeilecting'the forward reduced portions of the runners I2 as indicatedby dotted lines in Figure 1, and to this end radius rods 15 are securedtor the runners I2 and to a lateral sliding plate 19, as shown in Figure4, such plate being provided with slots 55 to receive therethrough thefastening means or guide members 5I which confine the plate to permitits lateral sliding movement under the direction and action of the hand`lever 52 pivoted at 53 upon the plate 54 and having a pivotalconnection to the plate 15 as indicated at 55. The radius rods 15 willbe rigid enough to exert pressure against the runners to force therunners out or pull the same in as the case may be in rounding a curve.By manipulating the lever 52 the runnersmay be curved or warped to alimited extent so as to negotiate the curvein the roadway.

l Itwill also be understood, as shown in Figure 6, that separateclutches 55 and 51 upon the shaft I1 are provided for coupling eitherend of that 75 shaft and its entrained cable drum |6 or for operatingboth drums simultaneously. Either drum may thus be operatedindependently of the other which arrangement will be additionallydesirable in negotiating curves. The drums will be connected for unitedoperation when the machine is driven in a straight path. It is to beunderstood that the machine is assembled in units that may be easilyhandled to and from the work.

Referring more particularly to Figures 2 and 4, the power plant 2| isshown as having a shaft 90 carrying a sprocket '9| engaged by a chain92. 'I'his chain 92 is also engaged with a sprocket 93 on a shaft 94. Onthis same shaft is a sprocket 95. Between the sprockets 93 and 95 isaclutch 96 for throwing the entire mechanism out. of operation whendesired.

The sprocket 95 is engaged by a chain 91 which runs over a sprocket 98on the eccentric shaft 55. A worm 99 on the eccentric shaft engages awork Wheel |00 on the intermediate section |0| of the drum line shaft.The end portions Il and Ila of.

the drum line shaft which are ilxed to the drums I6 have clutches 86 and81 for engaging the same either simultaneously or individually with thecenter shaft section |0| which is driven by the power plant 2| throughthe train' of gear connections outlined.

'I'hescreed 45 in a manner similar to the keying member 60 extendsslidably'through vertically adjustable plates |02 which are madeadjustable by means of the hand wheels 41. 'These adjustable plates 42slide in guideways |03 lprovided upon the side runners of the device. y

`In operation, the power lplant 2| will draw the machine forwardly 0nthe runners I2 by winding the cables I5 upon the drums I6 when thevarious clutches 86, 81 and 96 are engaged. The crushed stone or othermaterial is dumped upon the subgrade |0 in a windrow or otherwise. Asthe machine proceeds, the deflecting rudder 22 will p ass through thestone dividing the same and deflecting it to one side or .other of therudder. The rudder may be angularly adjusted about its pivot pin 23 todeflect the stone more Ato one side than the other if desired, and therudder may also be adjusted laterally through the action of the handwheel tov bring it to a desirable position with respect to the lateralline of the roadway and machine. 1

vAs the machine follows along the spreader members 43 will encounter thestone and will act to spread` the same outwardly toward the runners |2,such action being facilitated by the transversely recprocatory movementgiven to the spreading blades 43 by the actionI of the eccentric' 54.

' The screed 45 which forms a unitary structure with the curvedspreading blades 43 will also act to smooth down the stone to the propersurface level which level will be uniform throughout the entire surfaceof the roadway.

There follows the keying member which will compact and key the variousstones into the road in overlapping relation with one another, whichaction is also considerably enhanced by the reciprocating movement givento this keying mem-l geneous whole and this resultfwill be accomplishedquickly and inexpensively with the improved machine.

Referring more particularly to Figure 7, theA retreading material isindicated at as having i been placed over the old road bed |0 andextending outwardly beyond the sides thereof to build up and widen theold road.

It will be understood that the substance usedl for the retreading mayconsist of any suitable material, such as tar or asphalt mixed withstone or any other desired material. It will furthermore be understoodthat even` concrete could be used for this purpose but it is moreparticularly adaptable for spreading a bituminous type of material. Inthe forepart of Figure 7 it is clearly brought out how the road has beenwidened and a thickened edge ||2 has been constructed to form a curbingor header beyond the 'sides of the old road ||0.

'Ihe operation of the machine is substantially the same -as heretoforedescribed. the stone, or other retreading material, being indicated at||3 and being deposited upon`the old road ini advance of the machine.Spaced apart so as to rest directly upon the old road bed ||0 arerunners or longitudinal skids 4 `which sustain the spreading machine andits operating parts to the proper elevation. In the previous forms ofthe invention, the skids or runners were operated on the berm or dirtshoulderof the roadway; whereas the runners ||4 operate directly on thetop Aand bolts ||9 or other appropriate fastening means. Such side wings||6 and their supplemental wings ill do'not support themachine and arespaced apart a distance substantially equal to the width required forthe resurfaced road. Adjusting screws |20 are mounted through the wingsi6 and carry the supplemental wings ||1 for the purpose of raising andlowering the same. These adjusting screws |20 may also be used asthesuspending means for the supplemental wings ||1, the bolts ||9 beingused as mere vguide means. The form is supplied with cross braces |2| tohold the machine in position. In the runners ||4 are openings |22through which the V-shaped spreader' |23 and the transverse surfacer |24project. The wings ||6 are provided with similar openings |25 andthesupplemental wings ||1 are formed with openings orcut-away portions|26 through which the ends of the transverse surfacer member |24project.

The resurfacing or retreading material is shown at H3* as beingdeflected by the vshaped spreader |23. The material is projected by thespreader through the openings |22 in the runners H4, and this spreadingor deflection of the material continues until such material comes 75into contact with the outside wings ||6 and 1, which limit the lateralspread of the material. It will be understood that this spreadingoperation is done simultaneously as the spreading ma.- chine is pulledforward by the cables |21 which are attached to a tractor, truck orother suitable means.

The skids or runners III will produce a channel or groove in thematerial, and in order to close up the groove rearwardly of the runners,the final surfacer |28 operates on the material to take care of thefinal spreading or surfacing operation. The surfacer |28 projectsthrough the openings |29 in the supplemental wings |i'l and is adjustedup and down by the hand screws |30. Hand screws |3| are also providedfor adjusting the forward spreader |24 up and down or as to height. Therunners lil may be provided with the gates |32 to regulate or retard theflow of the stone ||3 through the forward portions of the openings |22.

The gate is pivoted at |33 andv is adjustable by a wing nut`and boltarrangement |34 projecting through an arcuate slot |35 in the plate |32.

It will be understood that these surfaces may be reciprocated ifdesired; however, in most cases it will not be necessary to reciprocatethe spreaders and particularly inasmuch as the machine described hereinis drawn by a truck or tractor, it would not be desirable to reciprocatethe spreaders.

It is obvious that various changes and modifications may be made in thedetail of construction and design of the above specifically describedembodiment of this inventionl withouty departing from the spiritthereof, such changes and modifications being restricted only by thescope of the following claims. t

What is claimed is:-

1. In a road building machine, a movable machine frame, a laterallymovable spreader means carried by said frame, means to impart a lateralvibration to said spreader means, a defiecting rudder pivotally mountedon the frame in ad-Y vance of said spreader means, and means forangularly adjusting said rudder. 2. In a road building machine, amovable machine frame, a laterally adjustable and pivoted deflector atthe forward portion of the frame, a unitary spreader and screed mountedfor lateral movement in the frame behind said deflector, and keyingmeans movably mounted in the frame in rear of the screed.

3. In a road building machine, runners having openings therein,vertically adjustable plates in the openings also having openingstherein, a screed reciprocating transversely through the openings insaid plates and a spreader member carried by said screed.

4,. In a road building machine, runners having openings therein, platesvertically adjustable in said openings and having openings therein, a.

keying beam transversely reciprocating through the openings in saidplates, and means for imparting reciprocating movement to said beam.

5. A road building machine of the character described, comprisinglongitudinal `spaced runners supported on the sub-base of a road underconstruction for longitudinal movement, said runners having a pluralityof openings, and a plurality of transversely reciprocating surfacingmembers, projecting through the openings, to surface road materialspositioned between said runners.

6. A road building machine of the character theshoulder or bermlongitudinally of the roadn way outside said longitudinal runners.

7. A road building machine of the character described, comprising spacedlongitudinal runners to operate on the sub-base of a road underconstruction, transversely reciprocating surfacing members to projectlaterally through openings in said runners, and defiector elementsassociated with the machine between the runners to deiiect the materialpositioned between the runners to regulate the flow of materialforwardly of at least one of the surfacing members.

8. A road building machine, comprising spaced longitudinal runners tooperate on the hard road surface at points short of the width of theroad, and a second longitudinal runner spaced apart from said firstnamed runners to define the outer edges of the spread material.

9. A road building machine of the character described, comprising a pairof spaced longitudinal runners to operate on the road bed to besurfaced, a second pair of runners spaced from first named runners,transverse members supported by the first named longitudinal runners,and the second named runners being supported by said transverse membersfor movement longitudinally of the road with the first namedlongitudinal members and substantially in a suspended position out ofcontact with the berm of the roadway.

10. A road building machine of the character described, comprisingspaced longitudinal inner supporting runners having openings for passageof material therethrough to be spread laterally, second longitudinalmembers to limit` the lateral spread to define the edgesof the ,spreadmaterial, and means associated with the lateral members to effect thespreading of materials.

11. A road building machine of the character described, comprising apair of spaced longitudinal members to be moved longitudinally of aroadway under construction, said members having passages to permit roadbuilding material to be projected laterally therethrough, a pair ofvouter runners spaced from said members to define the lateral spread ofsaid material, and means associated with the machine' to surface thematerial.

12. A road building machine of the character described, comprising innerspaced longitudinal runners to be supported for longitudinal movementover an old road surface, a transverse spacing member supported on saidrunners, a pair of outside runners supported by said transverse membersand so arranged that the first named members will support the weight ofthe outside members to define the width of the spread of the roadbuilding material positioned between the runners, and means forspreading and surfacing said material.

13. A road building machine of the character members and so arrangedthat the first namedrunners will support the weight of the outsiderunners to define the width of the spread of the road building materialpositioned between the runners, means for spreading and surfacing saidmaterial, and means for vertical adjustment of the outside member.

14. In a road building machine, a movable machine frame, pivotaldeflecting means carried by the frame, and means for moving saiddeecting means bodily transversely of the frame.

15. A material spreading machine for road construction comprising spacedrunners to define the lateral spread of road building material, saidrunners having openings laterally therethrough, laterally-reciprocatingsurfacing means to slide snugly through said openings preventingdischarge of said material therethrough, and means for reciprocatingsaid means progressively as the machine is moved forward.v

.JOHN N. HELTZEL.

